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===''Keksekça?'' et/and ''Kekçaa?''=== | ===''Keksekça?'' et/and ''Kekçaa?''=== | ||
− | + | The 19th century English translators didn't translate Hugo's direct-to-speech transliterations. Neither "Keksekça?" nor its meaning "Qu'est-ce que c'est que cela?" are translated into English in either the 1862 Wraxall or the 1887 Hapgood English translations.<ref>Hugo, Victor. ''Les Misérables, Volume 2''. Trans. Sir Frederick Charles Lascelles Wraxall (3rd Baronet). London: Hurst and Blackett, Publisher, 1862. Digitized by Google, original from Oxford University's Bibliotheca Bodleiana. https://books.google.com/books?id=TuQBAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false </ref><ref>Hugo, Victor. ''Les Misérables''. Trans. Isabel F. Hapgood. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell & Co., 1887. A Project Gutenberg Ebook. http://www.gutenberg.org/files/135/135-h/135-h.htm#link2HCH0148 </ref> The other transliteration, "Kekçaa?", and its formal explication, "qu'est-ce que cela a?", also remain as is. An 1876 translation cited by Google Books as by C. E. Wilbour, omits Hugo's direct-from-speech transliterations, making a smoother reading experience, but losing Hugo's "but wait I haven't told you everything yet" style that makes Hugo's local-world-epoch story so delicious.<ref>Hugo, Victor. ''Les Misérables: Jean Valjean''. Trans. Charles Edwin Wilbour. London: Ward, Lock, and Tyler, Warwick House, Paternoster Row, 1876. Digitized by Google, originally from Oxford University's Bodleian Library. https://books.google.com/books?id=qhwGAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false </ref> | |
Fahnestock and MacAfee translate the direct-from-speech transliterations the way Wright translates Queneau's (see textual note, below). | Fahnestock and MacAfee translate the direct-from-speech transliterations the way Wright translates Queneau's (see textual note, below). | ||
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===The Abbéy of Ascend-with-Regret=== | ===The Abbéy of Ascend-with-Regret=== | ||
The scaffold. <ref name="hapgood"></ref> | The scaffold. <ref name="hapgood"></ref> | ||
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==Citations== | ==Citations== | ||
<references /> | <references /> |